{"id":6366,"date":"1887-12-08T15:35:15","date_gmt":"1887-12-08T14:37:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/?p=6366"},"modified":"2025-12-14T15:41:59","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T14:41:59","slug":"erwin-schrodinger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/?p=6366","title":{"rendered":"Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger"},"content":{"rendered":"

Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger (12.8. 1887 – 4.1. 1961) se narodil ve V\u00eddni. U\u017e od ml\u00e1d\u00ed byl v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b nadan\u00fd \u2013 zaj\u00edmala ho matematika, fyzika, filozofie i jazyky. Nebyl to typ v\u011bdce, kter\u00fd by se soust\u0159edil jen na jeden \u00fazk\u00fd obor. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tahle v\u0161estrannost mu pozd\u011bji pomohla zm\u011bnit pohled na to, jak funguje sv\u011bt na t\u00e9 nejmen\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kvantov\u00e1 revoluce<\/h2>\n

Na za\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed fyzici zjistili, \u017ee z\u00e1kony klasick\u00e9 fyziky p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed fungovat ve sv\u011bt\u011b atom\u016f a \u010d\u00e1stic. Schr\u00f6dinger p\u0159i\u0161el s matematick\u00fdm popisem, kter\u00fd dnes zn\u00e1me jako Schr\u00f6dingerovu rovnici. Ta umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159edpov\u00eddat chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic, jako jsou elektrony.<\/p>\n

Zn\u00ed to slo\u017eit\u011b? Mo\u017en\u00e1. Ale bez t\u00e9to rovnice by dnes neexistovaly v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 pova\u017eujeme za samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9 \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad polovodi\u010de, lasery nebo modern\u00ed elektronika.<\/p>\n

Ko\u010dka, kter\u00e1 oblet\u011bla sv\u011bt<\/h2>\n

A te\u010f k nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti. Schr\u00f6dinger vymyslel my\u0161lenkov\u00fd experiment se zav\u0159enou krabic\u00ed, ko\u010dkou a n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm kvantov\u00fdm jevem. Podle kvantov\u00e9 mechaniky je ko\u010dka, dokud se do krabice nepod\u00edv\u00e1me, z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u017eiv\u00e1 i mrtv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Schr\u00f6dinger t\u00edm necht\u011bl \u0161okovat milovn\u00edky zv\u00ed\u0159at. Naopak \u2013 cht\u011bl uk\u00e1zat, jak podivn\u011b kvantov\u00e1 fyzika p\u016fsob\u00ed, kdy\u017e ji aplikujeme na b\u011b\u017en\u00fd sv\u011bt. Paradox s ko\u010dkou se stal symbolem toho, \u017ee realita na mikroskopick\u00e9 \u00farovni nen\u00ed tak jednoduch\u00e1, jak se zd\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Nobelova cena a neklidn\u00e1 povaha<\/h2>\n

V roce 1933 z\u00edskal Schr\u00f6dinger Nobelovu cenu za fyziku. P\u0159esto nebyl typick\u00fdm \u201eusedl\u00fdm profesorem\u201c. \u010casto m\u011bnil p\u016fsobi\u0161t\u011b, m\u011bl siln\u00e9 filozofick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lel o vztahu v\u011bdy, \u017eivota a v\u011bdom\u00ed. Napsal tak\u00e9 knihu Co je \u017eivot?, kter\u00e1 inspirovala budouc\u00ed biology a p\u0159isp\u011bla ke vzniku molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed biologie.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d n\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1 dodnes?<\/h2>\n

Schr\u00f6dinger ukazuje, \u017ee v\u011bda nen\u00ed jen o spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch odpov\u011bd\u00edch, ale i o dobr\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch. Neb\u00e1l se pochybovat, provokovat a hledat nov\u00e9 pohledy na realitu. D\u00edky tomu dnes l\u00e9pe rozum\u00edme sv\u011btu, ve kter\u00e9m \u017eijeme \u2013 od atom\u016f a\u017e po technologie v na\u0161ich kaps\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger (12.8. 1887 – 4.1. 1961) se narodil ve V\u00eddni. U\u017e od ml\u00e1d\u00ed byl v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b nadan\u00fd \u2013 zaj\u00edmala ho matematika, fyzika, filozofie i jazyky. …. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-osobnosti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6366","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6366"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6366\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6371,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6366\/revisions\/6371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}