{"id":596,"date":"2011-08-20T00:31:05","date_gmt":"2011-08-19T22:31:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/?p=596"},"modified":"2018-04-05T12:40:34","modified_gmt":"2018-04-05T10:40:34","slug":"elektricky-proud","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/?p=596","title":{"rendered":"Elektrick\u00fd proud"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/psundstrom\/2301139857\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/river.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"river\" width=\"220\" height=\"294\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/river.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/river-112x150.jpg 112w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Elektrick\u00fd proud je uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd pohyb \u010d\u00e1stic s elektrick\u00fdm n\u00e1bojem.<\/strong> Tyto \u010d\u00e1stice se uvedou do pohybu tehdy, pokud maj\u00ed k dispozici cestu k m\u00edstu, kde je elektricky nabit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic m\u00e9n\u011b. Spravedliv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edroda, kter\u00e1 bd\u00ed nad rovnov\u00e1hou je poh\u00e1n\u00ed tak dlouho, dokud se pom\u011bry na obou stran\u00e1ch nevyrovnaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Cestou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jak\u00e1koliv l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 obsahuje voln\u00e9 elektrony. Voln\u00e9 proto, aby se mohli st\u00e1t sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed proudu. Takov\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me <strong>vodi\u010de<\/strong>. (Vedou elektrick\u00fd proud) Krom\u011b vodi\u010d\u016f rozezn\u00e1v\u00e1me polovodi\u010de a izolanty.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Elektrick\u00fd proud ozna\u010dujeme p\u00edsmenem I.<br \/>Jednotkou je 1 Amp\u00e9r (A).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vodi\u010d s proudem si m\u016f\u017eeme velice dob\u0159e p\u0159edstavit jako \u0159eku. <em>(Na obr\u00e1zku je \u0159eka Kawarau na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu.)<\/em> \u010c\u00e1stice vody plynou jedn\u00edm sm\u011brem m\u00edstem, kter\u00e9 to umo\u017e\u0148uje. Pokud d\u00e1me proud\u00edc\u00edm \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edm n\u011bco do cesty, m\u016f\u017eeme jejich pohyb a energii vyu\u017e\u00edt nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby. Z\u00edskan\u00e1 energie bude \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 s\u00edle proudu. <\/p>\n<h2>Baterie<\/h2>\n<p>Baterie je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m jsou k dispozici od sebe odd\u011blen\u00e1 2 m\u00edsta. Jedno s p\u0159ebytkem a jedno s nedostatkem nabit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic. Propojen\u00edm t\u011bchto m\u00edst se daj\u00ed elektricka nabit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice do pohybu. Tomuto pohybu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me elektrick\u00fd proud.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 640px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-596-1\" width=\"640\" height=\"409\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/Explaining_an_Electrical_Circuit.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/Explaining_an_Electrical_Circuit.mp4\">http:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/Explaining_an_Electrical_Circuit.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elektrick\u00fd proud je uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd pohyb \u010d\u00e1stic s elektrick\u00fdm n\u00e1bojem. Tyto \u010d\u00e1stice se uvedou do pohybu tehdy, pokud maj\u00ed k dispozici cestu k m\u00edstu, kde je &#8230;. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,5],"tags":[31,3,16],"class_list":["post-596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-6-rocnik","category-elektrina-a-magnetismus","tag-elektricky-obvod","tag-elektrina","tag-model"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=596"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zsvltava.cz\/fyzika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}